Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in Mathematics and Science Classrooms
Perspectives from Three Universities in Sumatra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30631/ijer.v9i2.326Keywords:
Project Based Learning, Mathematics and Science Classroom, Implementation, Obstacles, SollutionsAbstract
Project-based learning (PjBL) is a learning innovation in which an independent learning curriculum exists. This PjBL activity is expected to be well implemented by lecturers in higher education. This study aimed to determine the implementation of PjBL in Higher Education in South Sumatra, as well as the obstacles and solutions provided. Questionnaires and interview sheets were used for data collection in this study. The research subjects were final-year students and lecturers at universities in Southern Sumatra (Palembang, Jambi, and Kerinci). The results showed that the implementation of project-based learning in three stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation, was categorized as very good. In this research, several obstacles were found in the implementation of PjBL activities, such as problems related to time, facilities, and infrastructure, and activating students to complete tasks both in groups and independently, so that solutions from these obstacles are offered to overcome this. The solutions that can be given include preparation of lesson plans, provision of facilities and infrastructure, providing additional time to complete the project, and integrating PjBL activities with other methods so that they could be implemented optimally.
Abstract
Project-based learning (PjBL) is a learning innovation in which an independent learning curriculum exists. This PjBL activity is expected to be well implemented by lecturers in higher education. This study aimed to determine the implementation of PjBL in Higher Education in South Sumatra, as well as the obstacles and solutions provided. Questionnaires and interview sheets were used for data collection in this study. The research subjects were final-year students and lecturers at universities in Southern Sumatra (Palembang, Jambi, and Kerinci). The results showed that the implementation of project-based learning in three stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation, was categorized as very good. In this research, several obstacles were found in the implementation of PjBL activities, such as problems related to time, facilities, and infrastructure, and activating students to complete tasks both in groups and independently, so that solutions from these obstacles are offered to overcome this. The solutions that can be given include preparation of lesson plans, provision of facilities and infrastructure, providing additional time to complete the project, and integrating PjBL activities with other methods so that they could be implemented optimally.
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References
Aksela, M. (2019). Project-Based Learning (PBL) in Practise : Active Teachers’ Views of Its’ Advantages And Challenges.
Aldabbus, S. (2018). PROJECT-BASED LEARNING: IMPLEMENTATION & CHALLENGES. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 6(3), 71–79.
Baloche, L., & Brody, C. (2017). Cooperative learning: exploring challenges, crafting innovations. Journal of Education for Teaching, 43, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2017.1319513
Barak, M., & Dori, Y. J. (2004). Enhancing undergraduate students’ chemistry understanding through project-based learning in an IT environment. Science Education, 89(1), 117–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20027
Basilotta Gómez-Pablos, V., Martín del Pozo, M., & García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso, A. (2017). Project-based learning (PBL) through the incorporation of digital technologies: An evaluation based on the experience of serving teachers. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 501–512. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.056
Biazus, M. D. O., & Mahtari, S. (2022). The Impact of Project-Based Learning ( PjBL ) Model on Secondary Students ’ Creative Thinking Skills. 1(1), 38–48.
Chen, C.-H., & Yang, Y.-C. (2019). Revisiting the effects of project-based learning on students’ academic achievement: A meta-analysis investigating moderators. Educational Research Review, 26, 71–81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.11.001
Cintang, N., Setyowati, D. L., Sularti, S., & Handayani, D. (2018). The Obstacles and Strategy of Project Based Learning Implementation in Elementary School. 12(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v12i1.7045
Condliffe, B., Quint, J., Visher, M. G., & Bangser, M. R. (2017). Project-Based Learning: A Literature Review (Issue October).
Darmuki, A., Nugrahani, F., Fathurohman, I., Kanzunnudin, M., & Hidayati, N. A. (2023). The Impact of Inquiry Collaboration Project Based Learning Model of Indonesian Language Course Achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 16(2), 247–266. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.16215a
Diana, N., Yohannes, Y., & Sukma, Y. (2021). The effectiveness of implementing project-based learning (PjBL) model in STEM education: A literature review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1882, 12146. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1882/1/012146
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A. L., Strachan, S. L., Kim, J., & Konstantopoulos, S. (2021). Putting PjBL to the Test: The Impact of Project-Based Learning on Second Graders’ Social Studies and Literacy Learning and Motivation in Low-SES School Settings. American Educational Research Journal, 58(1), 160–200. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831220929638
Eliaumra, E., Samaela, D. P., Gala, I. N., & Rurua, S. F. (2024). Development of Digital Literacy-Based Project Based Learning Assessment Models to Improve High School Students ’ Creative Thinking Abilities. 10(2), 572–582. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6211
Ginusti, G. (2023). The Implementation of Digital Technology in Online Project-Based Learning during Pandemic: EFL Students’ Perspectives. J-SHMIC : Journal of English for Academic, 10, 13–25. https://doi.org/10.25299/jshmic.2023.vol10(1).10220
Goradia, T. (2018). Role of Educational Technologies Utilizing the TPACK Framework and 21st Century Pedagogies: Academics’ Perspectives. 6(3), 43–61.
Gunawan, Sahidu, H., Harjono, A., & Suranti, N. M. Y. (2017). THE EFFECT OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING WITH VIRTUAL MEDIA ASSISTANCE ON STUDENT’S CREATIVITY IN PHYSICS. CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 36(2), 167–179. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v36i2.13514
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101586. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Haatainen, O., & Aksela, M. (2021). Project-based learning in integrated science education: Active teachers’ perceptions and practices. LUMAT: International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education, 9. https://doi.org/10.31129/LUMAT.9.1.1392
Han, S., & Rosli, R. (2016). The Effect of Science , Technology , Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Project Based Learning (PBL) on Students ’ Achievement in Four Mathematics Topics. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 13(July), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.12973/tused.10168a
Handrianto, C., & Rahman, M. A. (2018). PROJECT BASED LEARNING : A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON ITS OUTCOMES AND. LET : Linguistics , Literature and English Teaching Journal, 8(2), 110–129.
Hanif, S., Fany, A., Wijaya, C., & Winarno, N. (2019). Enhancing Students ’ Creativity through STEM Project-Based Learning. 2(October 2018). https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v2i2.13271
Hanif, S., Wijaya, A. F. C., Winarno, N., & Salsabila, E. R. (2019). The use of STEM project-based learning toward students’ concept mastery in learning light and optics. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1280(3), 32051. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1280/3/032051
Hussein, B. (2021). education sciences Addressing Collaboration Challenges in Project-Based Learning : The Student ’ s Perspective.
Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Project-based learning: A review of the literature. Improving Schools, 19(3), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1177/1365480216659733
Kurniahtunnisa, Anggraito, Y. U., Ridlo, S., & Harahap, F. (2023). STEM- PjBL Learning : The Impacts on Students ’ Critical Thinking , Creative Thinking , Communication , and Collaboration Skills. 9(7), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i7.2985
Kusuma, K., & Artama, J. (2023). Promoting the 21 st Century Skills Using Project-Based Learning. 17(April).
Lin, C. (2017). The Development of an Instrument to Measure the Project Competences of College Students in Online Project-Based Learning. 178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-017-9708-y
Lukitasari, M., Hasan, R., Sukri, A., & Handhika, J. (2021). Developing student ’ s metacognitive ability in science through project-based learning with e-portfolio. 10(3), 948–955. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21370
Mahmood, K., & Meina, M. (2023). teaching enhance student ’ s learning of introductory theoretical computing classes ? Education and Information Technologies, 3581–3604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11350-8
Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022). The key characteristics of project-based learning : how teachers implement projects in K-12 science education.
Mentzer, G. A., Czerniak, C. M., & Brooks, L. (2017). An Examination of Teacher Understanding of Project Based Science as a Result of Participating in an Extended Professional Development Program: Implications for Implementation. School Science and Mathematics, 117(1–2), 76–86. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12208
Oyewo, O., Mavuru, L., & Ramaila, S. (2022). Harnessing Project-Based Learning to Enhance STEM Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Using Water Treatment Activity. Education Sciences, 12, 780. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12110780
Pimentel, J. (2010). A note on the usage of Likert Scaling for research data analysis. USM R&D Journal, 18, 109–112.
Prajoko, S., Sukmawati, I., Maris, A. F., & Wulanjani, A. N. (2023). Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia PROJECT BASED LEARNING ( PJBL ) MODEL WITH STEM APPROACH ON STUDENTS ’ CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND CREATIVITY. 12(3), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i3.42973
Pratama, H., Yusro, A. C., & Hudha, M. N. (2018). The Influence of a Project-Based Learning Model to Life Skill Ability. Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities ANCOSH - Volume 1, 147–153. https://doi.org/10.5220/0007416901470153
Puspitasari, E. (2020). Project-based Learning Implementation to Cultivate Preservice English Teachers ’ 21st Century Skills. 5(1), 191–203.
Putra, A. K., Sumarmi, Deffinika, I., & Islam, M. N. (2021). The effect of blended project-based learning with stem approach to spatial thinking ability and geographic skill. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 685–704. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14340a
Rahardjanto, A., Husamah, & Fauzi, A. (2019). Hybrid-PjBL: Learning outcomes, creative thinking skills, and learning motivation of preservice teacher. International Journal of Instruction, 12(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12212a
Ralph, R. A. (2016). Post secondary project-based learning in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. 6(1), 26–35.
Rupavijetra, P., Nilsook, P., Jitsupa, J., & Nopparit, T. (2022). Collaborative project - based learning to train students for conducting the training project for older adults. 11(4), 2039–2048. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v11i4.22888
Safaruddin, S., Ibrahim, N., Juhaeni, J., Harmilawati, H., & Qadrianti, L. (2020). The Effect of Project-Based Learning Assisted by Electronic Media on Learning Motivation and Science Process Skills. Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, 1(1), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v1i1.5
Samsudin, M. A., Jamali, S. M., & Zain, A. N. (2020). The Effect of STEM Project Based Learning on Self-Efficacy among High-School Physics Students. 17(1), 94–108. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2020.15
Sasson, I., Yehuda, I., & Malkinson, N. (2018). Fostering the skills of critical thinking and question-posing in a project-based learning environment. Thinking Skills and Creativity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2018.08.001
Severance, S., & Krajcik, J. (2018). Examining Primary Teacher Expertise and Agency in the Collaborative Design of Project-Based Learning Innovations. In Rethinking learning in the digital age: Making the learning sciences count, 13th International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) 2018 (Vol. 2).
Sharma, L. (2023). Perceptions of Students on Project-Based Learning : Evidences from Public Schools in Pokhara. 01(01), 145–153.
Sholahuddin, A., Anjuni, N., Leny, L., & Faikhamta, C. (2023). Project-Based and Flipped Learning in the Classroom: A Strategy for Enhancing Students’ Scientific Literacy. European Journal of Educational Research, 12, 239–251. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.1.239
Singh, N., Warrier, U., & Bharti, T. (2019). Emotional intelligence strategies to achieve subjective career success: implications for learning and development in knowledge industry. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/DLO-10-2019-0229
Sri Palupi, B., Subiyantoro, S., Rukayah, R., & Triyanto, T. (2020). The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Learning (GIL) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) for Explanatory Writing Skill. International Journal of Instruction, 13, 713–730. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13146a
Sumarni, W. (2015). The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Implementation of Project Based Learning : International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(3), 478–484.
Thomas, J. W. (2000). A REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON PROJECT-BASED LEARNING.
Viro, E., Lehtonen, D., Joutsenlahti, J., & Tahvanainen, V. (2020). Teach hers ’ per rspective es on pro ning in m mathema tics and science s. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 8(1), 12–31.
Wang, X.-M., Yu, X.-H., Hwang, G.-J., & Hu, Q.-N. (2023). An online progressive peer assessment approach to project-based learning: a constructivist perspective. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71, 2073–2101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10257-6
Yang, D., Skelcher, S., & Gao, F. (2021). An investigation of teacher experiences in learning the project- based learning approach. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 15(4), 490–504. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v15i4.20302
Yuliansyah, A., & Ayu, M. (2021). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED ASSIGNMENT IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning (JELTL), 2(1), 32–38.
Zhang, R., Shi, J., & Zhang, J. (2023). Research on the Quality of Collaboration in Project-Based Learning Based on Group Awareness. 1–20.
Aldabbus, S. (2018). PROJECT-BASED LEARNING: IMPLEMENTATION & CHALLENGES. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 6(3), 71–79.
Baloche, L., & Brody, C. (2017). Cooperative learning: exploring challenges, crafting innovations. Journal of Education for Teaching, 43, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2017.1319513
Barak, M., & Dori, Y. J. (2004). Enhancing undergraduate students’ chemistry understanding through project-based learning in an IT environment. Science Education, 89(1), 117–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20027
Basilotta Gómez-Pablos, V., Martín del Pozo, M., & García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso, A. (2017). Project-based learning (PBL) through the incorporation of digital technologies: An evaluation based on the experience of serving teachers. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 501–512. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.056
Biazus, M. D. O., & Mahtari, S. (2022). The Impact of Project-Based Learning ( PjBL ) Model on Secondary Students ’ Creative Thinking Skills. 1(1), 38–48.
Chen, C.-H., & Yang, Y.-C. (2019). Revisiting the effects of project-based learning on students’ academic achievement: A meta-analysis investigating moderators. Educational Research Review, 26, 71–81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.11.001
Cintang, N., Setyowati, D. L., Sularti, S., & Handayani, D. (2018). The Obstacles and Strategy of Project Based Learning Implementation in Elementary School. 12(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v12i1.7045
Condliffe, B., Quint, J., Visher, M. G., & Bangser, M. R. (2017). Project-Based Learning: A Literature Review (Issue October).
Darmuki, A., Nugrahani, F., Fathurohman, I., Kanzunnudin, M., & Hidayati, N. A. (2023). The Impact of Inquiry Collaboration Project Based Learning Model of Indonesian Language Course Achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 16(2), 247–266. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.16215a
Diana, N., Yohannes, Y., & Sukma, Y. (2021). The effectiveness of implementing project-based learning (PjBL) model in STEM education: A literature review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1882, 12146. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1882/1/012146
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A. L., Strachan, S. L., Kim, J., & Konstantopoulos, S. (2021). Putting PjBL to the Test: The Impact of Project-Based Learning on Second Graders’ Social Studies and Literacy Learning and Motivation in Low-SES School Settings. American Educational Research Journal, 58(1), 160–200. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831220929638
Eliaumra, E., Samaela, D. P., Gala, I. N., & Rurua, S. F. (2024). Development of Digital Literacy-Based Project Based Learning Assessment Models to Improve High School Students ’ Creative Thinking Abilities. 10(2), 572–582. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6211
Ginusti, G. (2023). The Implementation of Digital Technology in Online Project-Based Learning during Pandemic: EFL Students’ Perspectives. J-SHMIC : Journal of English for Academic, 10, 13–25. https://doi.org/10.25299/jshmic.2023.vol10(1).10220
Goradia, T. (2018). Role of Educational Technologies Utilizing the TPACK Framework and 21st Century Pedagogies: Academics’ Perspectives. 6(3), 43–61.
Gunawan, Sahidu, H., Harjono, A., & Suranti, N. M. Y. (2017). THE EFFECT OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING WITH VIRTUAL MEDIA ASSISTANCE ON STUDENT’S CREATIVITY IN PHYSICS. CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 36(2), 167–179. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v36i2.13514
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101586. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Haatainen, O., & Aksela, M. (2021). Project-based learning in integrated science education: Active teachers’ perceptions and practices. LUMAT: International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education, 9. https://doi.org/10.31129/LUMAT.9.1.1392
Han, S., & Rosli, R. (2016). The Effect of Science , Technology , Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Project Based Learning (PBL) on Students ’ Achievement in Four Mathematics Topics. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 13(July), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.12973/tused.10168a
Handrianto, C., & Rahman, M. A. (2018). PROJECT BASED LEARNING : A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON ITS OUTCOMES AND. LET : Linguistics , Literature and English Teaching Journal, 8(2), 110–129.
Hanif, S., Fany, A., Wijaya, C., & Winarno, N. (2019). Enhancing Students ’ Creativity through STEM Project-Based Learning. 2(October 2018). https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v2i2.13271
Hanif, S., Wijaya, A. F. C., Winarno, N., & Salsabila, E. R. (2019). The use of STEM project-based learning toward students’ concept mastery in learning light and optics. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1280(3), 32051. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1280/3/032051
Hussein, B. (2021). education sciences Addressing Collaboration Challenges in Project-Based Learning : The Student ’ s Perspective.
Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Project-based learning: A review of the literature. Improving Schools, 19(3), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1177/1365480216659733
Kurniahtunnisa, Anggraito, Y. U., Ridlo, S., & Harahap, F. (2023). STEM- PjBL Learning : The Impacts on Students ’ Critical Thinking , Creative Thinking , Communication , and Collaboration Skills. 9(7), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i7.2985
Kusuma, K., & Artama, J. (2023). Promoting the 21 st Century Skills Using Project-Based Learning. 17(April).
Lin, C. (2017). The Development of an Instrument to Measure the Project Competences of College Students in Online Project-Based Learning. 178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-017-9708-y
Lukitasari, M., Hasan, R., Sukri, A., & Handhika, J. (2021). Developing student ’ s metacognitive ability in science through project-based learning with e-portfolio. 10(3), 948–955. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21370
Mahmood, K., & Meina, M. (2023). teaching enhance student ’ s learning of introductory theoretical computing classes ? Education and Information Technologies, 3581–3604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11350-8
Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022). The key characteristics of project-based learning : how teachers implement projects in K-12 science education.
Mentzer, G. A., Czerniak, C. M., & Brooks, L. (2017). An Examination of Teacher Understanding of Project Based Science as a Result of Participating in an Extended Professional Development Program: Implications for Implementation. School Science and Mathematics, 117(1–2), 76–86. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12208
Oyewo, O., Mavuru, L., & Ramaila, S. (2022). Harnessing Project-Based Learning to Enhance STEM Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Using Water Treatment Activity. Education Sciences, 12, 780. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12110780
Pimentel, J. (2010). A note on the usage of Likert Scaling for research data analysis. USM R&D Journal, 18, 109–112.
Prajoko, S., Sukmawati, I., Maris, A. F., & Wulanjani, A. N. (2023). Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia PROJECT BASED LEARNING ( PJBL ) MODEL WITH STEM APPROACH ON STUDENTS ’ CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND CREATIVITY. 12(3), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i3.42973
Pratama, H., Yusro, A. C., & Hudha, M. N. (2018). The Influence of a Project-Based Learning Model to Life Skill Ability. Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities ANCOSH - Volume 1, 147–153. https://doi.org/10.5220/0007416901470153
Puspitasari, E. (2020). Project-based Learning Implementation to Cultivate Preservice English Teachers ’ 21st Century Skills. 5(1), 191–203.
Putra, A. K., Sumarmi, Deffinika, I., & Islam, M. N. (2021). The effect of blended project-based learning with stem approach to spatial thinking ability and geographic skill. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 685–704. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14340a
Rahardjanto, A., Husamah, & Fauzi, A. (2019). Hybrid-PjBL: Learning outcomes, creative thinking skills, and learning motivation of preservice teacher. International Journal of Instruction, 12(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12212a
Ralph, R. A. (2016). Post secondary project-based learning in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. 6(1), 26–35.
Rupavijetra, P., Nilsook, P., Jitsupa, J., & Nopparit, T. (2022). Collaborative project - based learning to train students for conducting the training project for older adults. 11(4), 2039–2048. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v11i4.22888
Safaruddin, S., Ibrahim, N., Juhaeni, J., Harmilawati, H., & Qadrianti, L. (2020). The Effect of Project-Based Learning Assisted by Electronic Media on Learning Motivation and Science Process Skills. Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, 1(1), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v1i1.5
Samsudin, M. A., Jamali, S. M., & Zain, A. N. (2020). The Effect of STEM Project Based Learning on Self-Efficacy among High-School Physics Students. 17(1), 94–108. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2020.15
Sasson, I., Yehuda, I., & Malkinson, N. (2018). Fostering the skills of critical thinking and question-posing in a project-based learning environment. Thinking Skills and Creativity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2018.08.001
Severance, S., & Krajcik, J. (2018). Examining Primary Teacher Expertise and Agency in the Collaborative Design of Project-Based Learning Innovations. In Rethinking learning in the digital age: Making the learning sciences count, 13th International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) 2018 (Vol. 2).
Sharma, L. (2023). Perceptions of Students on Project-Based Learning : Evidences from Public Schools in Pokhara. 01(01), 145–153.
Sholahuddin, A., Anjuni, N., Leny, L., & Faikhamta, C. (2023). Project-Based and Flipped Learning in the Classroom: A Strategy for Enhancing Students’ Scientific Literacy. European Journal of Educational Research, 12, 239–251. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.1.239
Singh, N., Warrier, U., & Bharti, T. (2019). Emotional intelligence strategies to achieve subjective career success: implications for learning and development in knowledge industry. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/DLO-10-2019-0229
Sri Palupi, B., Subiyantoro, S., Rukayah, R., & Triyanto, T. (2020). The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Learning (GIL) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) for Explanatory Writing Skill. International Journal of Instruction, 13, 713–730. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13146a
Sumarni, W. (2015). The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Implementation of Project Based Learning : International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(3), 478–484.
Thomas, J. W. (2000). A REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON PROJECT-BASED LEARNING.
Viro, E., Lehtonen, D., Joutsenlahti, J., & Tahvanainen, V. (2020). Teach hers ’ per rspective es on pro ning in m mathema tics and science s. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 8(1), 12–31.
Wang, X.-M., Yu, X.-H., Hwang, G.-J., & Hu, Q.-N. (2023). An online progressive peer assessment approach to project-based learning: a constructivist perspective. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71, 2073–2101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10257-6
Yang, D., Skelcher, S., & Gao, F. (2021). An investigation of teacher experiences in learning the project- based learning approach. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 15(4), 490–504. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v15i4.20302
Yuliansyah, A., & Ayu, M. (2021). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED ASSIGNMENT IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning (JELTL), 2(1), 32–38.
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2024-12-31
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