The Relationship between Change Leadership Practices and Organizational Commitment in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum, Sudan
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between change leadership practices and staffs' organizational commitment at the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum. To achieve the purpose of the study, a survey research design was employed. Among 239 staff members at the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum, data were collected from 106 (44.00%) respondents using close-ended questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using one sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The result of the study indicated that the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum has practiced change leadership. The study revealed that the level of staff organizational commitment at the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum was high. Furthermore, the study's findings indicated that change leadership practices had a positive and low relationship with staffs' organizational commitment at the Faculty of Education University of Khartoum. Besides, the study recommended that change leadership practices need to have committed staff members to achieve change vision and goals effectively. As a result, university leaders and researchers should consider the staff's commitment while trying to introduce change initiatives or design change strategies in the university.
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References
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Al-Thubaiti, K. (2017). Leading change in departments of educational administration in Saudi universities by using kotter model of change.
Asgedom, A. & Belay, H. (2013). ‘The role of steering policies and governance reform in the management of reform in higher education of Ethiopia: The case of autonomy and accountability in Addis Ababa University’. Paris: IIEP-UNESCO (mimeo).
Ashkenas, R., Siegal, W., & Spiegel, N. (2013). Mastering organizational complexity: A core competency for 21st century leaders.Research in Organizational Change and Development, 21, 29–58.
Avolio, B.J., Zhu, W., Koh, W. and Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Moderating Role of Structural Distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 951-968.
Aydin, A., Sarier, Y., & Uysal, S. (2013). The Effect of School Principals' Leadership Styles on Teachers' Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction.Educational sciences: Theory and practice, 13(2), 806-811.
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Business Week (2005). Why the boss really had to say goodbye. July 4, 10.
Camp, S. D. (1994). Assessing the effects of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on turnover: An event history approach.The Prison Journal 74(3).
Churchill, G. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 64-73.
Cohen, A. & Lilach, C. (2011). Individual values, organizational commitment, and participation in change: Israeli teachers’ approach to an optional educational reform. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26, 385–396.
Creswell, John W. (2012). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research / John W. Creswell. — 4th Ed.
Enriquez, V., Mc Bride, J., & Paxton, L. (2001). Improving knowledge of strategic goals and the impact on organizational commitment. Health Mareting Quarterly, 18(3/4).
Fedor, D.B., Caldwell, S., & Herold, D.M. (2006). The effects of organizational changes on employee commitment: a multilevel investigation. Personnel Psychology, 59(1), 1–29.
Fika, I. B., Ibi, M. B., & Abdulrahman, A. (2016). Staff Utilization and Commitment in Borno State Colleges of Education, Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(20), 68-74.
Gamer, Majzoob (2015). The relationship between organizational loyalty and job satisfaction among staff members at Dongola University. Donagla University- Sudan.
Ganesan, S., George, M., Jap, S., Palmatier, R. W., & Weitz, B. (2009). Supply chain management and retailer performance: emerging trends, issues, and implications for research and practice. Journal of retailing, 85 (1), 84-94.
GENIE, H. (2019). THE EFFECT OF PRINCIPALS CHANGE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS ON TEACHERS ENGAGEMENT IN CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FAGITA LEKOMA WOREDA PRIMARY SCHOOLS (Doctoral dissertation).
Ghasemy, M., & Hussin, S. (2014). Change, leadership and change-oriented leadership theories in higher education: A review.
GILIÃ, F. (2016). Relationship of teachers readiness for change with their participation in decision making and school culture. Educational Research and Reviews, 11(8), 823-833.
Herold, D. M. Fedor, D. B., Caldwell, S. D., & Liu, Y. (2008). The effects of transformational and change leadership employees’ commitment to a change: A multilevel study. Journal of Applied Psychology, (93)2, 346-357.
Hulpia, H., Devos, G., & Rosseel, Y. (2009). The relationship between the perception of distributed leadership in secondary schools and teachers’ and teacher leaders’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 20 (3), 291-317.
Hurd, D. (2007). Leading transformational change: A study of internationalization at
three universities in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3252063).
Iverson, R. D. (1996). Employee acceptance of organizational change: the role of organizational commitment. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(1), 122-149.
Jaros, S. (2010). Commitment to organizational change: a critical review. Journal of Change Management, 10: 79–108.
Kassaw, E. S., & Golga, D. N. (2019). Academic Staffs’ Level of Organizational Commitment in Higher Educational Setting: The Case of Haramaya University.
Kezar, A. J. (2014). How colleges change: Understanding, leading, and enacting change. New York, NY: Routledge.
Koc, M. (2018). Research on Correlations between Academicians' Levels of Organizational Commitment and Their Intention to Quit Their Job: A Comparison of State and Foundation Universities. Journal of Education and Learning, 7 (1), 163-173.
Kotter, J.P. (1996). Leading change. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Koul, N. (2016). Evaluation of Organization Commitment of Teachers: A Study in Select Government Colleges of Chandigarh.Journal of Business and Management.Volume 18, Issue 12, PP 11-15.
Lawer, E. E., & Worley, C.G. (2006). Built to change: How to achieve sustained organizational effectiveness.San Fra ncisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Lines, R. (2004). Influence of participation in strategic change: resistance, organizational commitment and change goal achievement. Journal of Change Management, 4 (3), 193-215.
Lorch, C. A. (2019). Identifying Predictors of Organizational Commitment Among Community College Faculty Members in Arkansas.
Madsen, S.R., Miller, D., & Cameron, J.R. (2005). Readiness for organizational change: do commitment and social relationships in the workplace make a difference? Human Resource Development Quarterly, 16(2), 213–233.
McRoy, I. and Gibbs, P. (2003) ‘An Institution in Change: A Private Institution in Transition’, The International Journal of Educational Management 17 (4): 147–54.
Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment.Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 14 (2), 224-247.
Nehmeh, R. (2009). What is organizational commitment, why should managers want it in their workforce and is there any cost effective way to secure it? Swiss Management University, Swiss Management Center.
Ramaley, J. A. (2014). The changing role of higher education: Learning to deal with wicked problems. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 18(3).
Redding s., (2012). Change Leadership Innovation in State Education Agencies. Academic Development Institute, Lincoln, IL
Reza, B., Jandaghi, G., Zarei, H., & Dastani, M.N. (2010). An examination of the relationship between empowerment and organizational commitment.International Journal of Human Science, 7 (2).
Robbins, S. P., (2001). Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Pearson Education International.
Saqqa, R. M. (2011). The skills required for academic leaders to change leadership at Umm Al Qura University from the point of view of faculty members "Importance and practice" master thesis is not published. Umm Al Qura University. Mecca. Faculty of Education.
Savas, A.C., Kosker, E., Demir, S., & Utar, N. (2015). Teachers’ perception on the Relationship between Change Leadership and Organizational Commitment.International Journal of Educational Methodology, 1(1), 9-18.
Selamat, N., & Nordin, N. (2012). A study on teacher’s commitment and emotional intelligence in the district of Klang.
Sibhato, H. & Singh, A. (2012). Evaluation on BPR implementation in Ethiopian higher education institutions.Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12 (11).
Sofat, K. (2015). Organizational Change and Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Study of it Organizations in India. Global Journal of Management and Business Research.
Tekin, M., Kayacan, E., & Bektaş, H. (2014). Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Investigation of Scholars in Turkish Universities. Ekonometri ve Istatistik Dergisi, (21), 69-80.
Temple, P. (2011). University branding: What can it do? Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education. Perspectives, (15)4, 113-116.
Vandenberghe, C., & Tremblay, M. (2008). The role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover intentions: A two-sample study. Journal of Business Psychology, 22, 275-286.
Visagie, C. M., & Steyn, C. (2011). Organizational commitment and responses to planned organizational change: An exploratory study. Southern African Business Review, 15(3), 98-121.
Yahaya, R., Chek, I. T., Samsudin, N., & Jizat, J. E. M. (2014). Organizational commitment at a higher education institution. International Journal of education and research, 2 (11), 309-318.
Abu Samra, A. N. (2014). The Effectiveness of Decision Taking and its Correlation with Change Leadership of the Academic Departments Heads at the Palestinian Universities.Master thesis, The Islamic University – Gaza.
Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1990).The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment.Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.
Al-Lihyani, A. S. (2011). The reality of the change leadership practice in the colleges of education for girls in Makah from the point of view of deans, department heads and faculty members. Master thesis not published. Umm Al Qura University. Mecca. Faculty of Education.
Al-Qarni (2016). The reality of the practice of academic department heads at the University of Tabuk to change leadership from the faculty members' point of view. Journal of the College of Education, Al-Azhar University, Issue: (168, Part Three).
Al-Thubaiti, K. (2017). Leading change in departments of educational administration in Saudi universities by using kotter model of change.
Asgedom, A. & Belay, H. (2013). ‘The role of steering policies and governance reform in the management of reform in higher education of Ethiopia: The case of autonomy and accountability in Addis Ababa University’. Paris: IIEP-UNESCO (mimeo).
Ashkenas, R., Siegal, W., & Spiegel, N. (2013). Mastering organizational complexity: A core competency for 21st century leaders.Research in Organizational Change and Development, 21, 29–58.
Avolio, B.J., Zhu, W., Koh, W. and Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Moderating Role of Structural Distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 951-968.
Aydin, A., Sarier, Y., & Uysal, S. (2013). The Effect of School Principals' Leadership Styles on Teachers' Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction.Educational sciences: Theory and practice, 13(2), 806-811.
Banjarnahor, H., Hutabarat, W., Sibuea, A. M., & Situmorang, M. (2018). Job Satisfaction as a Mediator between Directive and Participatory Leadership Styles toward Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Instruction, 11(4), 869-888.
Bennet, H. & Durkin, M. 2000. ‘The effects of organizational change on employee
psychological attachment’, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(2): 126–147.
Burke, W. W. (2014). Organization change: theory and practice (4th ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Business Week (2005). Why the boss really had to say goodbye. July 4, 10.
Camp, S. D. (1994). Assessing the effects of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on turnover: An event history approach.The Prison Journal 74(3).
Churchill, G. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 64-73.
Cohen, A. & Lilach, C. (2011). Individual values, organizational commitment, and participation in change: Israeli teachers’ approach to an optional educational reform. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26, 385–396.
Creswell, John W. (2012). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research / John W. Creswell. — 4th Ed.
Enriquez, V., Mc Bride, J., & Paxton, L. (2001). Improving knowledge of strategic goals and the impact on organizational commitment. Health Mareting Quarterly, 18(3/4).
Fedor, D.B., Caldwell, S., & Herold, D.M. (2006). The effects of organizational changes on employee commitment: a multilevel investigation. Personnel Psychology, 59(1), 1–29.
Fika, I. B., Ibi, M. B., & Abdulrahman, A. (2016). Staff Utilization and Commitment in Borno State Colleges of Education, Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(20), 68-74.
Gamer, Majzoob (2015). The relationship between organizational loyalty and job satisfaction among staff members at Dongola University. Donagla University- Sudan.
Ganesan, S., George, M., Jap, S., Palmatier, R. W., & Weitz, B. (2009). Supply chain management and retailer performance: emerging trends, issues, and implications for research and practice. Journal of retailing, 85 (1), 84-94.
GENIE, H. (2019). THE EFFECT OF PRINCIPALS CHANGE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS ON TEACHERS ENGAGEMENT IN CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FAGITA LEKOMA WOREDA PRIMARY SCHOOLS (Doctoral dissertation).
Ghasemy, M., & Hussin, S. (2014). Change, leadership and change-oriented leadership theories in higher education: A review.
GILIÃ, F. (2016). Relationship of teachers readiness for change with their participation in decision making and school culture. Educational Research and Reviews, 11(8), 823-833.
Herold, D. M. Fedor, D. B., Caldwell, S. D., & Liu, Y. (2008). The effects of transformational and change leadership employees’ commitment to a change: A multilevel study. Journal of Applied Psychology, (93)2, 346-357.
Hulpia, H., Devos, G., & Rosseel, Y. (2009). The relationship between the perception of distributed leadership in secondary schools and teachers’ and teacher leaders’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 20 (3), 291-317.
Hurd, D. (2007). Leading transformational change: A study of internationalization at
three universities in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3252063).
Iverson, R. D. (1996). Employee acceptance of organizational change: the role of organizational commitment. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(1), 122-149.
Jaros, S. (2010). Commitment to organizational change: a critical review. Journal of Change Management, 10: 79–108.
Kassaw, E. S., & Golga, D. N. (2019). Academic Staffs’ Level of Organizational Commitment in Higher Educational Setting: The Case of Haramaya University.
Kezar, A. J. (2014). How colleges change: Understanding, leading, and enacting change. New York, NY: Routledge.
Koc, M. (2018). Research on Correlations between Academicians' Levels of Organizational Commitment and Their Intention to Quit Their Job: A Comparison of State and Foundation Universities. Journal of Education and Learning, 7 (1), 163-173.
Kotter, J.P. (1996). Leading change. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Koul, N. (2016). Evaluation of Organization Commitment of Teachers: A Study in Select Government Colleges of Chandigarh.Journal of Business and Management.Volume 18, Issue 12, PP 11-15.
Lawer, E. E., & Worley, C.G. (2006). Built to change: How to achieve sustained organizational effectiveness.San Fra ncisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Lines, R. (2004). Influence of participation in strategic change: resistance, organizational commitment and change goal achievement. Journal of Change Management, 4 (3), 193-215.
Lorch, C. A. (2019). Identifying Predictors of Organizational Commitment Among Community College Faculty Members in Arkansas.
Madsen, S.R., Miller, D., & Cameron, J.R. (2005). Readiness for organizational change: do commitment and social relationships in the workplace make a difference? Human Resource Development Quarterly, 16(2), 213–233.
McRoy, I. and Gibbs, P. (2003) ‘An Institution in Change: A Private Institution in Transition’, The International Journal of Educational Management 17 (4): 147–54.
Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment.Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 14 (2), 224-247.
Nehmeh, R. (2009). What is organizational commitment, why should managers want it in their workforce and is there any cost effective way to secure it? Swiss Management University, Swiss Management Center.
Ramaley, J. A. (2014). The changing role of higher education: Learning to deal with wicked problems. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 18(3).
Redding s., (2012). Change Leadership Innovation in State Education Agencies. Academic Development Institute, Lincoln, IL
Reza, B., Jandaghi, G., Zarei, H., & Dastani, M.N. (2010). An examination of the relationship between empowerment and organizational commitment.International Journal of Human Science, 7 (2).
Robbins, S. P., (2001). Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Pearson Education International.
Saqqa, R. M. (2011). The skills required for academic leaders to change leadership at Umm Al Qura University from the point of view of faculty members "Importance and practice" master thesis is not published. Umm Al Qura University. Mecca. Faculty of Education.
Savas, A.C., Kosker, E., Demir, S., & Utar, N. (2015). Teachers’ perception on the Relationship between Change Leadership and Organizational Commitment.International Journal of Educational Methodology, 1(1), 9-18.
Selamat, N., & Nordin, N. (2012). A study on teacher’s commitment and emotional intelligence in the district of Klang.
Sibhato, H. & Singh, A. (2012). Evaluation on BPR implementation in Ethiopian higher education institutions.Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12 (11).
Sofat, K. (2015). Organizational Change and Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Study of it Organizations in India. Global Journal of Management and Business Research.
Tekin, M., Kayacan, E., & Bektaş, H. (2014). Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Investigation of Scholars in Turkish Universities. Ekonometri ve Istatistik Dergisi, (21), 69-80.
Temple, P. (2011). University branding: What can it do? Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education. Perspectives, (15)4, 113-116.
Vandenberghe, C., & Tremblay, M. (2008). The role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover intentions: A two-sample study. Journal of Business Psychology, 22, 275-286.
Visagie, C. M., & Steyn, C. (2011). Organizational commitment and responses to planned organizational change: An exploratory study. Southern African Business Review, 15(3), 98-121.
Yahaya, R., Chek, I. T., Samsudin, N., & Jizat, J. E. M. (2014). Organizational commitment at a higher education institution. International Journal of education and research, 2 (11), 309-318.